ASSESSING IMPACT OF RUSSIAN BOLSHEVISM AND FEUDAL RELATIONS OF PRODUCTION OF KP IN TRANSFORMING YOUNG NATIONAL REVOLUTIONARIES’ MOVEMENT INTO PROGRESSIVE NATIONALISM DURING EARLY TWENTIETH CENTURY

Abstract

This paper attempts to investigate the impact of Russian Bolshevism and feudalrelations of production in transforming young national revolutionaries’ movement of NWFP (currently Khyber Pakhtunkhwa or KP) into progressive nationalism. Their struggle was the natural result of concrete historical socio-economic formation and cultural conditionsduring early twentieth century that had the definite prerequisites, wherein, rise of Russian Bolshevism opened new prospects foryoung national revolutionariesand persuaded them tomigrate to Bolshevik Russia during their migration movement. They were given political trainingand ideological orientation as well as enabled to transform their early national revolutionary sentiments into progressive nationalismagainst the imperialist domination of the British in KP. Consequently, theycould not reconcile to the colonial oppression and stood united for their independence in the shape of a progressive nationalism in different layers of KP. Descriptive, qualitative and analytical methods, together with mostly primary sources, have been employed to corroborate the central argument. Russian Bolshevik thoughts,especially their strategy regarding colonial national question, spearheaded to give birth to national revolutionaries’ movement that was subsequently transformed into progressive nationalism according to the socio-economic and cultural conditions.