ACCOUNTING MEASUREMENT AND DISCLOSURE: THE FAIR VALUE PRINCIPLE AND ITS ROLE IN IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF ACCOUNTING INFORMATION AND RATIONALIZING ADMINISTRATIVE DECISIONS (AN APPLIED STUDY IN AL KHALEEJ COMMERCIAL BANK)

Abstract

The current research aims to address the knowledge pillars of both the fair value principle and the quality of accounting information, and the research aims to demonstrate the role of accounting measurement and disclosure in accordance with the fair value principle in the banking sector on the quality of accounting information and administrative decisions, and thus the impact on the administrative decision-making process. The following hypothesis has been put forward: The accounting measurement and disclosure in accordance with the fair value principle can help improve the quality of accounting information and thus aid in rational management decisions. The research sample is the Gulf Commercial Bank, which is one of the joint-stock companies listed on the Iraq Stock Exchange, and the current research has been applied in this bank for the years (2016-2019). In order to achieve the objectives of the research and test its hypothesis, the applied study method has been relied upon in order to demonstrate the effect of the fair value principle on the quality of accounting information. The research reached a set of conclusions, the most important of which is that fair value is one of the most appropriate measures in improving the quality of accounting information and making rational management decisions and that the principle of historical cost is the most reliable measure, but it is not appropriate for decision-making because the information provided by this principle represent events. Carried out by an economic unit in the past.