LIMITING THE POWERS OF PRESIDENT: A STUDY OF SENATE’S BUSINESS (1985-1999)

Abstract

This study offers an analysis of the business of Senate of Pakistan. The Senate was restored in 1985 along with the increase in President’s powers under 8^th Constitutional amendment. The phase from 1985’s semi-Presidential form of Government of Zia-ul-Haq to the proclamation of emergency in 1999 marked the testing time for the working of parliament in Pakistan. During the period, Presidents disrupted the democracy by dissolving the Assemblies; however, Senate resumed its working. The working of Senate to establish and preserve boundaries with the institution of President is the focus of study. The Senate debates are analyzed to conduct this research and the archival sources along with secondary sources are used for study. The study complies that the Senate played a vital role in legislation to limit the jurisdictions of President. The motions against the undemocratic moves of Presidents impart the control of Senate. The initiation of 13^th amendment and challenging the supremacy of President indicates that Senate has extended its boundaries to the institution of President.