SURREALISM: TECHNIQUES, LITERARY AND PSYCHOLOGICAL BACKGROUND (IN THE CONTEXT OF WESTERN AND URDU LITERARY CRITICISM)

Abstract

During the early 20th century, surrealism was one of the most popular trends and techniques in literature. Previously, it had been used in art. It is heavily influenced by Freud's “Theory of Psychoanalysis”. In western fiction and then in Urdu fiction writings, this technique was being used to achieve the reality of human psychology, their desires, thinking and fantasies that they cannot express publicly due to social limitations, and should be expressed at an individual level without any restrictions. The hidden truths of human unconsciousness are conveyed through Surrealism's techniques of Dreamy, Ambiguity, and Soliloquy.