PUBLIC SURVEILLANCE AND THE ROLF OF NEIGHBORHOOD MANAGEMENT IN PROMOTING URBAN SPACES SECURITY WITH AN EMPHASIS ON CPTED APPROACH: (CASTE STUDY: EL BAGHI PARK, URMIA)

Abstract

Nowadays, paying attention to the security of citizens and ways to promote it is one of the
key priorities in urban planning and urban design issues. What gives meaning to urban space
is the presence of people in the space and doing social, cultural activities. Urban public
spaces, parks, in particular, are a context for social interactions. On one hand, various factors
such as social abnormalities and insecurity in every urban space can affect these interactions
and their types. One of the methods to improve the security of urban spaces is using CPTED
approach (Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design) in the process of urban design
and planning of urban spaces. Therefore, the main objective of this research is to offer a
practical method to people’s participation in the planning and design of urban spaces in order
to improve security and prevent crime incidence with an emphasis on the abovementioned
approach. The current research is applied in terms of objective and is based on the crime
prevention theory. The research method is documentary and surveying the texts and finally,
considering the nature of research data, the research method is qualitative. In order to collect
the data, first, the theoretical foundations of the research were gathered and conceptualized
using library materials and then, the indices and components of the CPTED approach (
including natural surveillance and territorialism) were analyzed in designing the Elbaghi
Park. The research results indicate that the incidence of crime in the urban public spaces can
be significantly decreased using and empowering the natural and public surveillance in urban
parks with an emphasis on the establishment of “Neighborhood Management” as a nonspatial and preventive factor in the increase of public surveillance along with “the redesign