RISKS, DEPRIVATION AND RE-INTEGRATION CHALLENGES OF THE DEPORTED LABOURS IN THE INFORMAL SECTORS OF PAKISTAN

Abstract

Deported labours are the victims of structural deprivation, where they are subject to discrimination and exploitation in the local labour market of Pakistan. This study was undertaken to identify the role of macro structural factors associated with re-integration challenges to labour deportees in the informal labour market of their home country. A sample size of 322 deported labours was randomly selected from district Dir upper and Swat. The data was collected by using close-ended social survey and had been analyzed through univariate, bi-variate and multivariate levels. It was found that the lack of information system for employments, irrelevant jobs, minimum wages, long-hours working policies, lack of extra benefits for their jobs, seasonal employments, no jobs’ protection and lack of occupational mobility in the informal sectors was strongly associated with re-integration challenges to labour deportees.