LETTERS SIMILAR TO (LYSA) IN THE ARABIC LANGUAGE

Abstract

(Lysa) is one of negative elements, people of Basrah consider it as auxiliary verb and people of Kufa consider it as a mean of exception and some of them consider it as disjunctive letter and other neglect it and as mean of negation only so for them it has no use. Al Mubarid opinion “as for “Lays” it mustn't to have predicate to “Alif” and “am” because it doesn't have “being”, doesn't construct a subject, but have predicate with “whose” as to say: “lya zaid 'ela Ga'ma” “Zaid is not to do but stand”, and if we say “lysa zaid muntlkan” and everything don't have verb, the predicate then is not as we can say “Zaid Akhoaka”, “Zaid is your brother” where Al-mubarid clearly admits the objective of “lysa”. While Al-Radi sees “lysa” as: (Sibawayhe followed by Alsaraj: “lysa for absolute negative, as we say “lysa Khalqu allah fi almaghi”, as almighty Allah said “Ala youm y'tihim lysa masrofan 'anhom” in the future, and the audience of grammarians as it is negative for adverb. Abo Ali said “it is letter - mean lysa - while when it follows the pronoun with “lastu, lastoma, lastum) as it has similarity with verb for being in three forms, means it was indicative then subjunctive, also it follows the pronoun with “Haa” (haniya, ha'ou, ha'e, Ha'ain) with being as subject of verb confirmed by verb. Alsuyouti said “The linguistic of Bani tamim is neglecting (Lysa) with (illa) as barrier on (ma) like we say “(Lysa Altyaba illa) with Rafi 'on neglecting and has no pronoun“.