TREATMENT MODALITIES IN THE MANAGEMENT OF ORAL SUBMUCOUS FIBROSIS - AN INSTITUTIONAL STUDY

Abstract

Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is a persistent, progressive, pre-cancerous condition of the oral mucosa, which is related with betel quid chewing habit extensively widespread in Southeast Asia and in China. The incidence rates of OSMF are available only from India. Interestingly, the prevalence and the incidence rates are high in South India where the incidence of oral cancer is also high. The main aim of our study was to assess the different treatment modalities for patients with Oral submucous fibrosis visiting saveetha dental college and hospital. This university based retrospective study included data of patients who reported to Saveetha Dental College and were diagnosed as OSMF and treated during June - March 2020. Data retrieved were statistically analyzed and results obtained. Descriptive analysis was used to describe the gender and age distribution, Treatment modalities for OSMF. Chi-square test was used to test associations between categorical variables. P value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. In our study, males (91%) were more affected with OSMF than females (9%). OSMF was more prevalent in patients in the age group of 31 - 40 years (27.8%) followed by 41-50 years (25.7%). Only intralesional corticosteroid injections were the most common treatment modality in patients with OSMF (39.18%). There was a statistically significant association present between the gender and treatment modalities (p value -0.003). No statistically significant association was present between age group and treatment modalities (p value - 0.859). Within the limits of the current study, Males were more affected by oral submucous fibrosis than females, and it predominantly occurred in the 31-40 age group. Most common treatment modality for OSMF was intralesional injection of corticosteroids. There was a significant association between gender and treatment modalities.