ORIENTAL SOCIAL INFLUENCES IN ANDALUSIA UNTIL THE END OF THE ERA OF THE CALIPHATE (422 AH / 1030 AD)

Abstract

Andalusian society, since the Islamic conquest, has been affected by many oriental customs, even in the smallest details, as the people of Andalusia were influenced by the east by entertaining themselves; And that is by going out to the parks and enjoying the councils of rap, music and singing, and it is no secret that Andalusia, with its charming nature, and its picturesque scenery that culminate in parks with flowers, green trees, clear water, and the moderate atmosphere helped Andalusian poets to improvise, and singers to sing, and flirt with the charms and beauty of the land of Andalusia, so many when The poets of Andalusia in particular mixed their poetry between nature and other poetic purposes, As people used to go to it in their spare time for self-entertainment and recreation, they were also influenced by the oriental community customs. As for the tarab gatherings in Andalusia, they represented an important element in Andalusian social life, since the beginning of the third century AH, when Andalusians considered the art of singing, music and dancing one of the most important means Amusement and joy, influenced by that from the Orient. The rap councils appeared in the Orient since ancient times, then the people of Andalusia were affected by it, and it was transmitted to them through the arrivals from the Orient to Andalusia. The trumpet councils are divided into two types: private trumpet councils, and public trumpet councils. Private trumpet councils were set up in palaces and private parks.Many of these councils used to meet in order to hear male and female singers, in addition to the fact that each council had its own rapture, and each party had its own music and singing, influenced by that from the East. Influenced by that simplicity from the Orient, and in particular by their influence on the Iraqi Baghdadi Tarab councils, since the arrival of the East expats to Andalusia, the country has witnessed a wide renaissance in the public Tarab assemblies, as the art of singing and its folds of muwashahat and azjal has developed. The original poets of Andalusia were not able to make a new update on oriental art, but rather they froze and were known in that period to imitate and formulate models of oriental art.